| At the same time there are also a lot of findings | | | | environmental degradation. From this point of |
| in sciences and therefore there are many | | | | view the overflow of population is indeed a real |
| changes in modern industry that give the chances | | | | problem. There different ways which may be |
| to produce more and more material goods. But | | | | taken for salvation of this problem. It is obvious |
| very likely that for people of our century the | | | | that governments should develop and fund |
| most important thing to realize is a growing | | | | different programs of family planning and |
| influence of humans' activity on the environment | | | | contraceptives spreading, especially among families |
| and effects of such influence. | | | | in poor countries, where population grows much |
| The other very important characteristic that | | | | faster. Unfortunately such programs do not |
| differentiates this century is the level of | | | | always work. The practice of family planning in |
| globalization and constant population growth. There | | | | many developing countries shows that first of all |
| were three global demographic explosions in the | | | | the explanation programs, spreading of |
| history of mankind. The first one was in the end | | | | contraceptives and other similar methods are |
| of Pleistocene generated by advancement of | | | | surely not enough to reduce constant population |
| hunting and resettlement of hunters. The other | | | | growth. The knowing of ways of preservation |
| one took place approximately 10 thousand years | | | | from impregnation does not always mean that |
| ago when people discovered agriculture that | | | | married couple will use the knowledge. |
| allowed increasing population in 20-30 times. The | | | | There is one more serious aspect that should be |
| third explosion is connected with the industrial | | | | taken into account. The planning of birthrate |
| revolution which began some few centuries ego | | | | demands knowledge from many branches, |
| and is going on in our days. Progress in sciences | | | | cooperation of not only medics and |
| and engineering let to enlarge the territory of | | | | demographists but also sociologists, |
| cultivated territory in 2-3 times and the | | | | ethnographers, economists, physiologists and |
| productivity of land in 7 times. Earth population | | | | others because all the countries differ from each |
| increased in 20 times. | | | | other by mentality, traditions, religion, the level of |
| Now there are about 6.5 milliards people living on | | | | education, social and economic development. It is |
| Earth and the quantity is increasing on 2% per | | | | very important to get in close cooperation and |
| year. So we can see that in order to reach the | | | | make efforts to find particular methods for every |
| first milliard mankind needed more then one million | | | | particular country and region. |
| years. At this moment the industrial revolution has | | | | The other important issue is an influence of |
| began and in order to reach the second milliard | | | | population growth on environment. There is no |
| mankind needed 100 years, the third one - 40 | | | | doubt that increasing of quantity of people on |
| years, the fourth - 15 years, the fifth - 10 years | | | | Earth has a pressure on water, energy, arable |
| and in 2000 the population reached 6 milliards. | | | | land and other recourses. But I am sure that the |
| That is what they call the demographic explosion. | | | | quantity of people that can live together on Earth |
| It should be noticed that while the population on | | | | having sufficient living standards and do not harm |
| Earth is constantly increasing on the global level, | | | | the environment depends a lot on the level of |
| the population of more developed countries is | | | | technologic development. New technologies, from |
| hardly changing. Finely the most rapid growth of | | | | simple improvements in melioration and |
| population is expected to be in the group of 50 | | | | management till modern development in genetic |
| countries which are classified as least developed. | | | | engineering, will continue to enlarge the producing |
| So, the constant fast growth of population may | | | | of food together with reducing the environment |
| lead to overpopulation. It is hard to deny that to | | | | degradation. |
| fast growth of population leads to poverty and | | | | |