| Greetings fellow Gardeners!The following tutorial | | | | three inches below the surface. If you live in a |
| refers to garlic growing specifically, but can easily | | | | colder climate with significant freezing, then do |
| be used for most onion crops as well.The | | | | plant deeper to protect the cloves, and consider |
| following information is for general garlic growing | | | | mulching, just like you do when you plant bulbs |
| that I have used for my own home garden. Of | | | | like tulips and daffodils. Water in the cloves and |
| course, there are lots of specialty seeds and | | | | you are done till spring!OK, spring has arrived and |
| plants that require more specific techniques but as | | | | you anxiously watch the plot for any sign of |
| I am not a professional horticulturist, but a home | | | | growth.........and there they are! Now is the time to |
| gardener like yourselves, I will stick with what I | | | | fertilize with some nitrogen based fertilizer or |
| know!For basic garlic growing you need a few | | | | compost as you can see in my picture at the top |
| things. First of all your garlic cloves! We started | | | | right of the page. We fertilized with a home made |
| out by growing garlic from garlic heads bought at | | | | mix of compost, bonemeal, canola seed meal, |
| the store, but then I decided to try some new | | | | dolomite lime, and potash. We also set up |
| and different varieties! Last year I ended up the | | | | watering through soaker hoses so that we |
| with some German Reds left over after my fall | | | | watered the plants, not the weeds.Weeding is |
| selling on virtualseeds.com, so decided to plant | | | | crucial! Let me repeat...... weeding is crucial! The |
| them with the idea of offering them to my | | | | next most important chore you need to be |
| customers in 2001. This way, I could be assured | | | | vigilant about is weeding! Garlics do not want to |
| of the freshest product possible and it allowed me | | | | compete with other vegetation! So semi-weekly |
| to use the garden space normally left fallow all | | | | weeding with a hoe is necessary. Do not dig down |
| winter to good use. spring So, I planted in | | | | in the ground around the plants or you can tear |
| October and waited for spring.Remember to | | | | up the developing bulbs. Just a light scratching of |
| work in some good compost and bone meal | | | | the soil is all you need to keep the weeds at bay. |
| before planting your cloves. I planted mine about | | | | I use a "hula hoe" and love it!HARVESTING: By |
| three inches deep or about three times the size | | | | the first of July, I can see that my crop is getting |
| of the clove. We have fairly mild coastal winters | | | | ready to be harvested. How do I know? First of |
| so not a lot of hard ground freezing until around | | | | all, the weather has gotten hotter so I know that |
| January and then it is only for a few weeks at | | | | the bulbs are forming underground and secondly |
| most. More on this subject later in the | | | | by observing the plants. Now the tops are starting |
| tutorial.......Viola! | | | | to brown and die back, a sure sign that harvest |
| Come late spring, what to my wondering eyes | | | | time is near. So I stop watering about ten days |
| to appear, but garlic sprouts!Let's back up a little | | | | to two weeks before harvesting. This is |
| to discuss the two basic types of garlics for the | | | | necessary so the plants can start to "hardened" |
| home gardener. Generally speaking we are talking | | | | the outside of the bulbs.Mid July is here and it's |
| about hardnecks and softnecks.HARDNECK | | | | time to harvest. The plants have now browned to |
| GARLICS(See picture at top of page) are very | | | | about 60-75 percent. I gently pull on the first plant |
| popular because they are easy to grow in most | | | | and it comes up easily! Of course, mine are |
| types of soils as long as the soil is fertile and well | | | | planted more shallow than most of you will do so |
| draining. Hardnecks will store for three to six | | | | the bulb is nearer the surface. Most gardeners will |
| months on average so are grown for early winter | | | | need to gently spade around the plant in order to |
| usage. There are many different varieties from | | | | get the bulb loosened and pulled up.CURING AND |
| the German Reds that I offer my customers to | | | | STORAGE: Now all that is left is to "cure" the |
| Spanish Roja and more. As you can see from the | | | | bulbs and store for usage. Curing refers to |
| titles, these garlics most often have some coloring | | | | allowing the bulbs to dry out in a warm but |
| to them such as streaks of purple, red or brown. | | | | shaded area. Don't wash your plants but let the |
| They are valued for their high allicin content and | | | | soil dry naturally, then brush off when you are |
| great flavor that holds up to cooking. Hardnecks | | | | ready to store or hang. I am drying mine on a |
| can be a little challenging when separating the | | | | pallet so that air can circulated around the plants. |
| cloves as they have a fair amount of | | | | As you can see by the picture, garlics need to be |
| "parchment" or the papery skins you have to peel | | | | dried in a single layer. Drying takes from two to |
| away to get at the "meat". They tend to have a | | | | three weeks depending on the weather or your |
| inner circle of large cloves with few to any smaller | | | | choice of storage area. Some people will braided |
| cloves on the outside. Hardnecks are planted in | | | | them and hang for curing. What is important is |
| the late fall and harvested in early to mid | | | | that the plants have good circulation of warm, dry |
| summer.SOFTNECK GARLICS are the ones you | | | | air so that mold and mildew doesn't take hold. |
| see in the grocery store and in garlic braids. | | | | When your garlics are done curing, then clip off |
| These are normally white such as the silverskins. | | | | the top to about 1.5 inches from the bulb and you |
| The variety you see in the store most likely is | | | | may snip back the roots. Garlics can be stored in |
| "Colossal" or another generic variety. Stores and | | | | a dark, dry, cool place such as a basement, |
| their customers want the whitest garlics. Flavor is | | | | storage room etc and used as needed. Check |
| good and can be from mild to very strong. The | | | | them periodically as some varieties do not store |
| necks are more pliable than hardneck varieties so | | | | as long as others. Ideal storage temperatures |
| they make good candidates for braiding. Softneck | | | | would be in the 40's to 50's. |
| garlics advantage is that they store longer, up to | | | | Don't forget to keep your biggest and best bulbs |
| nine months. They generally have numerous | | | | for this year's fall planting! Rotate your crops each |
| cloves in a head. Softnecks also are planted in the | | | | year. Garlics are pretty much pest free but can |
| fall with later harvesting in late summer.Do you | | | | pick up soil diseases which can devastate a |
| have garlic in your refrigerator that has begun to | | | | crop.Thanks for reading my tutorial on garlic |
| sprout? Can they be used in cooking? Not likely as | | | | growing. This tutorial is from my own personal |
| the cloves will feel "empty" as the plants have | | | | experience so soils, growing conditions and |
| already used the stores to start the plants. Can | | | | weather may be different for your location and |
| the cloves be separated and planted? Sure, and | | | | you may need to amend these guidelines to fit |
| garlics can be planted in the spring but generally | | | | your situation. A great source for information on |
| don't do well as an annual crop. They are | | | | garlic growing is your local county extension office. |
| genetically meant to be planted in fall so they can | | | | Ask to speak to a Master Gardener or stop by |
| establish roots, then they wait for spring to start | | | | and pick up a helpful brochure on garlic growing. |
| growing in earnest.PLANTING: In most parts of | | | | Most of all, have fun in your garden!ALL |
| the country, you want to plant your cloves about | | | | NATURAL BUG SRAY: |
| six weeks before your winter freezing weather | | | | Here is a simple homemade recipe for an |
| sets in. This is to allow the cloves to send down | | | | effective bug spray for your garden!" |
| roots and get established in the soil before hard | | | | Place one peeled onion, two peeled garlic cloves |
| freezing weather sets in. This keeps the garlics | | | | and 1 teaspoon cayenne pepper, 3 cups of water |
| from being forced up and out of the soil during | | | | and blend until smooth. Let the mixture sit |
| hard freezes and thaws. As you plant your | | | | overnight, then carefully strain the liquid into a |
| cloves, be sure to add some good quality | | | | spray bottle. I bet this would be effective in |
| compost and a tablespoon of bonemeal to the | | | | discouraging Fido or Fluffy from using your |
| bottom of the hole so the plants will have some | | | | favorite rose bush or flower bed as a toliet! |
| excellent nutrition to draw upon. I plant mine | | | | Refigerate unused solution and discard after thirty |
| about three times the size of the clove or around | | | | days.Happy Gardening! |