| "Significant learning combines the
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| | father.Ron Howard's A Beautiful Mind
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| logical and the intuitive, the intellect
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| | offers another example. The viewer is
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| and the feelings, the concept and the
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| | first led to believe that the film's
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| experience, the idea and the meeting.
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| | hero, played by Russell Crowe makes
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| When we learn in that, way we are whole."
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| | friends with a college roommate and works
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| Carl RogersConcept and Message in
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| | as a top secret code breaker for the US
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| EntertainmentGreat entertainments have a
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| | government. The film later reveals that
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| focused point of view, and that point of
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| | neither happened, except in the hero's
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| view dictates every event in the
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| | mind.Perhaps Hollywood's best purveyor of
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| presentation. For instance, most movies
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| | alternate perspectives is M. Night
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| begin with a concept:- A beast must win
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| | Shyamalan. In his thriller Signs, the
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| true love (Beauty and the Beast)- An epic
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| | movie-goer is led to believe that the
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| western in space (Star Wars)- The
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| | "signs" are crop circles created by
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| smallest being must save the world (The
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| | aliens as navigation signals. The end of
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| Lord of the Rings)Determining a movie's
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| | the film reveals that the signs are
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| concept is usually a simple matter, the
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| | signals from God meant to reunite the
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| title, as in the case of those listed
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| | lead character, played by Mel Gibson,
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| above, hints at the concept to be
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| | with his faith.These examples allow the
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| presented.
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| | viewer to experience the event on
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| Having a clear concept is the first
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| | multiple, simultaneous perspectives that
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| step. Next, Hollywood ties the concept to
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| | create deeper, richer, more meaningful
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| a message:- Beauty comes from within
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| | film experiences.Layered Perspectives in
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| (Beauty and the Beast)- Trust the force
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| | LearningThe great artist and scientist,
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| within you (Star Wars)- It's how you live
| |
| | Leonardo da Vinci developed many of his
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| the times you're given (The Lord of the
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| | legendary works through a layered
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| Rings)All three of these films were box
| |
| | learning approach. Da Vinci believed that
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| office gold, and deservedly so. Each had
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| | the key to true learning was to view a
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| a clear concept and a specific message
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| | subject from as many perspectives as
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| and then stayed focused on both
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| | possible. He felt that the first
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| throughout the entire film. Using these
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| | perspective he chose was too biased
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| same tools, training programs can create
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| | toward his usual way of seeing things.
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| their own box office gold.Concept and
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| | Instead, he would examine the subject
|
| Message in LearningMost instructional
| |
| | from one perspective, move to another
|
| designers, including this author, rely on
| |
| | perspective and then to another until,
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| the ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Develop,
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| | with the advantage of additional
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| Implement, Evaluate) model for creating
| |
| | perspectives, he learned the subject
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| training programs. ADDIE is a useful but
| |
| | completely.In our own time, Dr. Howard
|
| imperfect tool. ADDIE's linear emphasis
| |
| | Gardner offered a theory that supports da
|
| creates a logical, point-to-point design.
| |
| | Vinci's approach. Gardner theorized that
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| The danger in this approach is that
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| | there are different ways to be
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| sometimes the design wanders so far a
| |
| | intelligent. The eight intelligences he
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| field that the last point may not tie to
| |
| | listed follow:- Bodily/Kinesthetic -
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| the first.ADDIE's focus on training
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| | Touching, participating in physical
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| objectives does help direct a design.
| |
| | activity- Interpersonal - Relating,
|
| Training objectives are obviously
| |
| | focusing on others- Intrapersonal -
|
| important, but they exist on a logical
| |
| | Introspecting, focusing
|
| level. In contrast, the concept and the
| |
| | inward- Linguistic - Articulating,
|
| message exist more emotively. In
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| | communicating ideas- Logical/Mathematical
|
| Hollywood terms, the objectives tell the
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| | - Analyzing, solving problems- Musical
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| learners what the goals of the learning
| |
| | Rhythmic - Feeling, connecting sounds and
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| are. What the objectives do not highlight
| |
| | rhythms- Naturalist - Communing, relating
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| is the context in which the training will
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| | to nature- Visual/Spatial - Seeing,
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| be presented (the concept) and the higher
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| | comprehending dimensional
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| purpose the training serves within the
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| | relationshipsGardner's theory suggested
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| context of the learners' lives (the
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| | two implications of his theory for
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| message).For instance, in my book Show
| |
| | learning:1.) A person's core
|
| Biz Training (AMACOM, 2003), I present a
| |
| | intelligences need to be engaged in
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| case study of asbestos awareness training
| |
| | learning - Training that matches a
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| as A Bess-Tess Story, with Bess being an
| |
| | person's innate intelligences helps that
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| employee who does everything correctly
| |
| | person feel more engaged and competent
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| and her sister Tess doing everything
| |
| | and enriches the learning experience,
|
| poorly. I then tied the whole training to
| |
| | making it more fulfilling2.) People need
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| the Brady Bunch TV show theme song.A
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| | to learn in multiple ways - A
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| concept need not be that elaborate. For a
| |
| | multi-dimensional training approach
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| financial services training, the concept
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| | exposes learners to different
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| might be as simple as learning the steps
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| | intelligences and a wide range of
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| required to file a loan application.
| |
| | learning experiencesHere is where ADDIE
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| During leadership training, the concept
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| | fails. Although it is excellent at
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| may be centered on becoming a more
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| | leading a designer through a logical
|
| effective leader. Customer service
| |
| | flow, it does so without regard to the
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| training may focus on the mechanics of
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| | simultaneous richness that da Vinci and
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| assisting the customer.As in the
| |
| | Gardner championed. The resulting designs
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| Hollywood examples listed above, the
| |
| | are often shallow, white bread,
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| title of the training is an important
| |
| | paint-by-the-numbers programs devoid of
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| element in framing the context of the
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| | richness and detail.Consider the design
|
| training. As the A Bess-Tess Story
| |
| | of a typical diversity class. The
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| demonstrates, I like to title training
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| | instructional methods usually include
|
| programs so as to frame the concept. The
| |
| | lecture (linguistic), video (visual
|
| program can then communicate it's intent
| |
| | spatial), and statistics (logical
|
| in advance to the trainees. As such, an
| |
| | mathematical).Now consider what that same
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| effective design process would start
| |
| | class would look like if presented
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| with, rather than end with, determining
| |
| | through Howard Gardner's Multiple
|
| the likely training program title.Once
| |
| | Intelligences filter:Linguistic, visual
|
| the concept has been defined, the next
| |
| | spatial, logical/mathematical and
|
| step is to determine the underlying
| |
| | Interpersonal material would still be
|
| message of the training program. The A
| |
| | presented but additional elements might
|
| Bess-Tess Story message was that handling
| |
| | include the sharing and sampling of food
|
| asbestos safely leads to a long life. In
| |
| | from different cultures (bodily
|
| the financial services example, the
| |
| | kinesthetic), small group discussions
|
| message might be the comfort that comes
| |
| | (interpersonal), reading expert opinions
|
| from financial security. For leadership,
| |
| | about the effects of discrimination
|
| the desire to better serve humanity could
| |
| | (intrapersonal), musical samples from
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| be the focus. Customer service training's
| |
| | around the world (musical/rhythmic,) and
|
| message may be that creating lasting
| |
| | a look at the world's variety of wildlife
|
| memories enriches a customer's life.Once
| |
| | and fauna (naturalistic).This
|
| the trainers understand the underlying
| |
| | multi-layered approach would give the
|
| message, the training becomes less about
| |
| | learners a fully rounded, holistic view
|
| a series of required tasks and more about
| |
| | of the subject, a greater appreciation of
|
| developing skills that will enhance life.
| |
| | the value of diversity and a greater
|
| The resulting training can be delivered
| |
| | likelihood of behavioral change.Light,
|
| with a passion not possible with a
| |
| | Camera, FocusA final word of caution
|
| sequential process alone. As with
| |
| | should be mentioned. The layered approach
|
| anything in life, knowing and believing
| |
| | is not intended to replace ADDIE.
|
| in a purpose leads to a laser-like focus
| |
| | Instead, it should work in concert. Once
|
| that can prevent side issues from
| |
| | a training event becomes too focused on
|
| dominating a program, both during the
| |
| | entertainment it loses its instructional
|
| design and in the classroom.Layering
| |
| | value. Just as a great movie must stay on
|
| Perspectives in EntertainmentThe concept
| |
| | message, training should stay on
|
| and the message provide the underpinnings
| |
| | objective. The signs present in a
|
| of a training design, but do not address
| |
| | training program should all lead to one
|
| the sequencing of the learning methods.
| |
| | source: higher effectiveness through new
|
| For that, I layer instruction through as
| |
| | skills that enhance the human
|
| many perspectives as possible. Let me
| |
| | condition.Lenn Millbower, BM, MA, the
|
| demonstrate through another look at
| |
| | Learnertainment(R) Trainer is an expert
|
| entertainment.The literary arts,
| |
| | in applying show biz techniques to
|
| including virtually all the great poems,
| |
| | learning. He is the author of the CLOUT
|
| plays and fictional stories of Western
| |
| | Trainer Assessment tool, Music as a
|
| culture, thrive on delivering multiple
| |
| | Training Tool, focused on the practical
|
| perspectives. Shakespeare's Hamlet became
| |
| | application of music to learning; Show
|
| a classic in part because it can be
| |
| | Biz Training, the definitive book on the
|
| perceived in as many different ways as
| |
| | application of entertainment industry
|
| there are actors to portray Hamlet.Most
| |
| | techniques to training; Cartoons for
|
| great literary works allow the reader or
| |
| | Trainers, a popular collection of 75
|
| viewer to enjoy the story on a surface
| |
| | cartoons for learning; Game Show Themes
|
| level while simultaneously, through the
| |
| | for Trainers, a best-selling CD of
|
| use of simile, allegory or metaphor,
| |
| | original learning game music; and
|
| experience it on an emotive, holistic
| |
| | Training with a Beat: The Teaching Power
|
| level.Hollywood thrives on presenting a
| |
| | of Music, the foremost book on the
|
| perspective, and then surprising the
| |
| | application of music to learning. Lenn is
|
| viewer with a change of
| |
| | an in-demand speaker, with successful
|
| perspective.WARNING - MOVIE SPOILERS
| |
| | presentations at ASTD and SHRM; a member
|
| AHEAD. PROCEED AT YOUR OWN RISK.Joe Alden
| |
| | of NSA, a creative and dynamic
|
| Robinson classic, Field of Dreams offers
| |
| | instructional designer and facilitator
|
| an excellent example. The movie's hero,
| |
| | formally with the Disney Institute; an
|
| Kevin Costner, plows under his Iowa
| |
| | accomplished arranger-composer skilled in
|
| cornfield to build a baseball field to
| |
| | the psychological application of music to
|
| "ease" baseball player Shoeless Joe
| |
| | learning; and the president of Offbeat
|
| Jackson's "pain." It's only in the last
| |
| | Training(R), infusing entertainment-based
|
| ten minutes of the film that the viewer
| |
| | techniques into learning to keep 'em
|
| discovers the pain to be eased is Kevin
| |
| | awake so the learning will take!
|
| Costner's own at being estranged from his
| |
| |
|
